Motor Control with Button using Arduino

 Project Overview:

This project allows you to control four motors simultaneously using a single button. When the button is pressed, all motors stop. When the button is released, all motors start running.

Components List:

• Arduino Uno (or compatible)
• 4 x DC Motors
• 1 x Push Button
• 4 x Transistors (NPN) or Motor Driver
• 1 x Diode (for each motor, if using transistors)
• 1 x 10kΩ Resistor
• Breadboard and Jumper Wires

Circuit Connection:

1. Button Setup:

• Connct one side of the push button to digital pin 13 on the Arduino.
• Connect the other side to GND.
• Use a 10kΩ pull-up resistor between pin 13 and 5V, or configure the pin with INPUT_PULLUP in the code.

1. Motor Setup:

• Connect the motors to digital pins 2 through 5.
• If you’re using transistors:
• Connect the base of each transistor to a corresponding Arduino pin (2–5) through a 1kΩ resistor.
• Connect the emitter to GND.
• Connect the collector to one terminal of the motor.
• Connect the other terminal of each motor to the power supply.
• Place a diode parallel to each motor to prevent back EMF damage.
• Alternatively, use a motor driver module to interface the motors with the Arduino.

Project Code:

int boton = 13;  // Button pin
int motor1 = 2;  // Motor 1 pin
int motor2 = 3;  // Motor 2 pin
int motor3 = 4;  // Motor 3 pin
int motor4 = 5;  // Motor 4 pin

void setup() {
  pinMode(boton, INPUT_PULLUP);  // Set button pin as input with pull-up resistor
  pinMode(motor1, OUTPUT);       // Set motor pins as outputs
  pinMode(motor2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor3, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor4, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  int estadoBoton = digitalRead(boton);  // Read the state of the button
  
  if (estadoBoton == LOW) {  // Button is pressed (LOW due to pull-up)
    // Turn off all motors
    digitalWrite(motor1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(motor2, LOW);
    digitalWrite(motor3, LOW);
    digitalWrite(motor4, LOW);
  } else {
    // Turn on all motors
    digitalWrite(motor1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(motor2, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(motor3, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(motor4, HIGH);
  }  
}

Explanation of the Code:

1. Setup Function:

• Configures pin 13 as an input with a pull-up resistor for the button.
• Sets pins 2 through 5 as outputs to control the motors.

1. Loop Function:

• Button Press: When the button is pressed (reads LOW due to pull-up configuration), all motors are turned off.
• Button Release: When the button is released (reads HIGH), all motors are turned on.

Summary:

This simple project demonstrates how to control multiple motors using a single button with Arduino. It can be used as a basis for projects like a remote-controlled car or other applications where multiple motors need to be controlled simultaneously.